EMERGENCY PROTOCOLS - Francis Turbine

⚠ EMERGENCY PROTOCOLS ⚠

FRANCIS HORIZONTAL TURBINE - CRITICAL RESPONSE PROCEDURES

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CRITICAL TIME-SENSITIVE DOCUMENT

This document contains time-critical procedures. Familiarize yourself with all protocols before an emergency occurs. Response time is measured in SECONDS, not minutes.

P-01

Load Rejection & Overspeed

SCENARIO

Grid trip causes instant loss of electrical load. Runner accelerates rapidly (overspeed) due to residual water flow.

IMMEDIATE DANGER

Overspeed > 120% (~720 RPM) risks runner disintegration due to centrifugal forces.

AUTOMATIC RESPONSE

  1. Grid Relay Detects Disconnect.
  2. Governor Commands "Full Close" to guide vanes (3-5s).
  3. Overspeed Trip activates mechanical brake at 110%.

MANUAL INTERVENTION

1. Press "EMERGENCY CLOSE" on control panel immediately.
2. Manually trigger MIV closure if guide vanes fail.
3. EVACUATE if speed exceeds 120% and is rising.
P-02

Silt Flash Flood

Sudden river silt concentration > 3000 ppm. Acts as "liquid sandpaper," destroying runner blades and seals.

CONCENTRATION STATUS REQUIRED ACTION
1000 - 3000 ppm WARNING Increase monitoring frequency.
3000 - 5000 ppm CRITICAL Reduce load to min. Plan shutdown < 2h.
> 5000 ppm EMERGENCY IMMEDIATE SHUTDOWN REQUIRED.
P-03

HPU Power Loss - Manual Closure

DESIGN A: GRAVITY SYSTEM

  • Pull emergency release lever (Red handle).
  • Allow weights to drop MIV to closed position (30-60s).
  • Verify "CLOSED" indicator.

DESIGN B: HAND-WHEEL

  • Disengage hydraulic clutch lever.
  • Turn hand-wheel clockwise (50-100 rotations).
  • Requires 2 operators for sustained effort.
P-04

Linkage Failure / Backlash

Symptom: Hunting

Erratic guide vane movement (>2% oscillation) at steady load.

Emergency Lock

Manually close MIV. Disable governor HPU. Physically lock the regulating ring.

P-05

Generator Fire Suppression

CO2 DISCHARGE SEQUENCE

  • 1. Initial Blast: 80% volume (Concentration 30%).
  • 2. Delay: 120s for cooling.
  • 3. Maintenance Blast: 20% volume for re-ignition prevention.

SAFETY LOCKOUT

Ventilate generator hall for 30 mins before entry. CO2 concentration is lethal.

P-06

Grid Frequency Anomaly

ESD LIMIT
98.2 Hz (TRANSIENT)
AUTO-TRIP ACTIVE

Severe desync risk. Mechanical damage likely if unit remains connected.

AnoHUB Turbine Friend • Emergency Response Manual Ref: FR-EP-001

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